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Telehealth Occupational Therapy: Gross Motor Skills using Tin Cans!

26/5/2020

 
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Beans, tomatoes, soup...

​Most families have tin cans in their home. 

I have collated some fun ways to work on gross motor skills using tin cans and some markers.  These activities encourage the development of core strength, arm and shoulder strength, bilateral coordination, crossing the midline, balance and more!

These activities can be easily incorporated in OT sessions as well as carried out at home.  You don't need a lot of space and you don't need special equipment.  If you don't have tin cans then use what you DO have (eg. plastic cups, bowls, jars or sticks and spoons). 

Watch the You-tube video for the gross motor activities in action.  You can use this link if you can't see the video below ---> https://youtu.be/epFzBX0pdBY
Jumping
Lay out markers to encourage jumping forward/backward, side to side and straight up/down.  You could also try turning a half or full circle (180 or 360 degrees).  Try adding a metronome to assist with focus and attention.  (Read more ways you can use a metronome HERE). 

Marker movement
Position in either the quadrupod position (like a dog on all fours), a bear (with hands on the ground and bottom in the air) or a plank position (resting on hands or forearms).  Place the markers in front of the child and ask them to use their right hand to move markers to the left side of their body and their left hand to move markers to the right side of their body. 

Tin can touch 
Try this in a variety of positions. Encourage your child to stay in one position whilst reaching across their body to tap the tin cans (with their hand or foot).  This involves "crossing the midline".  Once your child tries these touches with one foot then try the other foot too.   If they have difficulty balancing, your child could touch one tin can and then rest their foot on the ground.  You could increase the difficulty by increasing the number of tin cans they touch before resting their foot on the ground. You can also increase the difficulty by having your child match markers with the corresponding coloured tin can.
​
* Balance on one foot.
* Quadrupod position (ie. like a dog on all fours)
* Plank Position.  
* Crab/Table position.  

Visual Sequencing
Encourage visual sequencing by adding coloured paper to the tins and drawing a simple grid of coloured dots to follow.  Ask your child to tap the tins in the order of the coloured dots that they see.  You could work on memory by covering the visual prompt.  You could change the order of the dots or change the position of the tins to vary the activity. 

Do you have an older child?  You could incorporate colour matching or academic skills such as learning the letters of the alphabet or sight words with any of the activities mentioned here.

Squat to stand/stand to squat
Place the tin cans on a table and ask your child to stand near the table. Place the markers on the floor.  Ask your child to squat to pick up a marker and stand to place the marker in the matching coloured tin can.  Encourage your child not to hold onto the table as they move up and down. Make sure that they are bending at the knees and not the waist. 

If you have a cushion or a wobble air cushion, you could ask your child to stand on the cushion to  do this activity whilst moving from squat to stand (and versa).  You could swap out the markers for balls or pegs. 

You could also incorporate tall kneeling.  Have a look at the
photo that I shared on Instagram of this activity. 

Tin Can Target
  • Set up your tin cans like bowling pins. Roll a ball to knock them over.
  • Stack your tin cans or line them up on a table.  Throw a ball to knock them over.​

Tin Can Roll
  • Lie your tin cans on their side and line them up.  Ask your child to use their foot to roll the tin can forward and backward. 
  • Lie your tin cans on their side and line them up.  Ask your child to use their hand to roll the tin can away from them. 
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For more gross motor activity ideas:
  • 7 Gross Motor Skills for Preschoolers.
  • Gross Motor Skills for Page Stabilization

These activities all provide sensory feedback for children to the skin receptors, muscles and joints.  Deep pressure input can have a calming affect for some children and can help a child to develop body awareness.  Read more about sensory based activities HERE.

How do you incorporate tin cans to develop gross motor skills?  I would love to hear from you if try out some of these activity suggestions. 
​


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Cindy is a registered occupational therapist practising in Sydney, Australia.  She has two growing children who are a constant source of inspiration and learning.  Cindy loves workingcreatively to help children to reach their potential, finding opportunities in everyday living and making learning fun. She is also addicted to making printables (even when they take a long time to complete).  Cindy is the author of the Occupational Therapy blog Your Kids OT.  Read more articles from Your Kids OT at https://www.yourkidsot.com/blog

Cindy is a member of the Functional Skills for Kids Therapy Team.  They have together published THE HANDWRITING BOOK, THE SCISSORS SKILLS BOOK and THE TOILETING BOOK.

​The information on this site is general in nature. The activities are safe for most children, however, you should consult an Occupational Therapist or health professional to address specific movement, sensory or other medical conditions. Affiliate links are used throughout this website to promote products I love and recommend. I receive a commission if any purchases are made through these links. Please see my disclosure policy for more details. ​​​

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From Scribble to Drawing and Writing!

14/5/2020

 
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Some children struggle with drawing.  They may continue to scribble and have difficulty copying simple drawing patterns.  This becomes a concern when the child is 3 or 4 years of age and should be imitating and copying simple lines and shapes (such as a horizontal line, vertical line, circle, square). 

​There are usually some underlying reasons for a delay in pencil control and drawing skills.

1. Difficulty with visual spatial skills.  This may include poor body awareness, poor awareness of how they relate to objects and poor visual attention to 2D images/pictures.  A "red flag" may be a lack of interest in books and pointing to pictures within books or difficulty copying block simple block patterns.  ​
  • Work on visual spatial skills --->  Craft Stick Pattern Copy  and Block Patterns. 
  • Watch Visual Perceptual Skills with Craft Sticks Video --> You Tube
  • Read books together and play "I spy" to find various pictures.  
  • Encourage active participation in finger rhymes and action songs ---> Read more. 


​​​2. Difficulty with pencil grasp and pencil control.  This may be due to weak hand strength, poor fine motor skills or poor postural control. Your child may switch hands constantly, drop the pencil, break pencils or  press too lightly.  They might draw wiggles instead of straight lines.
  • Incorporate daily hand strengthening activities ---> Developing hand strength.
  • Incorporate fine motor skills in play ---> Toys for Fine Motor Skills
  • Read more about pencil grasp HERE and HERE and HERE


​3. Difficulty with directional language - 3D and 2D.
​Some children with language delays will have difficulty with "directional language".  This means they have difficulty understanding concepts such as "on", "next to", "under", "between", "behind" etc.  

When it comes to drawing and writing, an understanding of position or direction on paper is really important for spatial relationships and how lines come together to form pictures and letters. 

Incorporate "directional language" in play of objects as well as when you look at books or puzzles.  

​
4. OTHER

There are many other reasons that can affect a child's ability to draw. If you are concerned about these aspects, seek medical advice for your child. Some of these might include:
  • a cognitive delay
  • a neurological delay
  • low muscle tone
  • a developmental delay
  • speech and language delay
  • poor attention 
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From scribble to meaningful lines and shapes. 

Watch these ideas via the You-tube video below or via this link
​--->
 https://youtu.be/y1ffJYoHkic

1. Use objects!  (eg. playdough, fruit, toys)
​Place objects to mark out where lines starts and ends.  
Place objects to trace around.
Place objects to mark out what the lines look like and where they go on the page.

​​2.  Use multi-sensory experiences. 
​
This not only motivating but can provide feedback to the muscles and joints as a child draws lines and shapes. 
  • Draw in a sensory tray such as shaving foam, rice, sand, salt.
  • Use non-pencil items for drawing such as a paint brush, feather, toothpick, q-tips or a toy.
  • Use tactile surface to draw on such as glitter or sand paper.​
  • Use stencils or rubbing plates to provide a tactile boundary whilst drawing. 
  • Encourage partial drawing to complete a picture to promote success. 
  • Magnatabs are a fun magnetic tool that can be used to draw lines and shapes. 

3. Use guided drawing. 
This may initially be imitating your drawing with each step needed to complete a larger picture.  I usually start with a face and simple pictures like a sun and a rainbow.  You can also use additional prompts like playdough or felt to provide extra help for your child to grasp visual spatial relationships with drawing. 

Once your child can imitate your drawing or draw from a physical prompt; you can move to drawing from a pictorial prompt.  Have a look at these directed drawing prompts from Margaret at Your Therapy Source .


4. Fluency patterns.
Copy lines to work on pencil control.  Once the basic patterns can be copied, work on even spacing and even heights.  

Read and purchase ---> Fluency Patterns 

5. Printable worksheets.
​Don't start here.  Always start with the options listed above!

When your child has developed some of the skills to draw; then printable worksheets become a great way to fine tune pencil control.  You can work on colouring between lines.  Encourage your child to notice the visual cues such as the edge of the picture so that they aim to stay within the lines. 

Your child could draw through mazes, join dot to dot pages or trace over lined pictures.  Encourage your child to add their own patterns to copy pictures that they see. This will help them to develop visual spatial awareness and pencil control. 

Read and purchase ---> Pre-writing Lines and Shapes Printable Sheets.



Drawing lines and shapes are vital to child development.  Don't jump straight into teaching children to write letters and numbers. Help them to build the foundational skills with lots of drawing in the preschool years.

Are you looking for more ideas to help your preschooler?  Have a look at the 10 week preschool program that I have created that provides a full range of activities to support child development for 3-5 year olds. Each week of the program includes activities for the whole body, hands/fingers and using tools such as scissors and pencils. The program is designed to engage children in their learning.  It is suitable for groups of children in a day care or preschool setting. It could be used by OTs or parents with individual children.

Find out more --> Animal Theme Preschool Program

Well I hope that you have found some ideas that you can use straight away with your children to help them move from scribble to drawing and writing. Let me know if you try them out!


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Cindy is a registered occupational therapist practising in Sydney, Australia.  She has two growing children who are a constant source of inspiration and learning.  Cindy loves working creatively to help children to reach their potential, finding opportunities in everyday living and making learning fun. She is also addicted to making printables (even when they take a long time to complete).  Cindy is the author of the Occupational Therapy blog Your Kids OT.  Read more articles from Your Kids OT at https://www.yourkidsot.com/blog

Cindy is a member of the Functional Skills for Kids Therapy Team.  They have together published THE HANDWRITING BOOK, THE SCISSORS SKILLS BOOK and THE TOILETING BOOK.

​The information on this site is general in nature. The activities are safe for most children, however, you should consult an Occupational Therapist or health professional to address specific movement, sensory or other medical conditions. Affiliate links are used throughout this website to promote products I love and recommend. I receive a commission if any purchases are made through these links. Please see my disclosure policy for more details. ​​​

Amazon Store: https://www.amazon.com/shop/yourkidsot
YKOT shop:  https://www.yourkidsot.com/store/c1/Featured_Products.html
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Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/yourkidsot
Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/yourkidsot/
Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com.au/yourkidsot/
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Fine Motor Skills with a Marble (or ball)!

1/5/2020

 
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A marble, a small ball, a ball of playdough, a pom pom .... using every day items is important right now for occupational therapists as we work in our telehealth sessions using objects families may already have at home. 

These activities using a marble are simple, fun ways to develop a child's fine motor skills.  As occupational therapists we often address fine motor skills when children have difficulty manipulating tools such as pencils, scissors and glue sticks.  Fine motor skills can affect a child's ability to carry out their self care in using a toothbrush, using cutlery, tying shoes laces or manipulating fastenings such as buttons and zippers. 

The main fine motor areas that an occupational therapist may address include:
  • Pincer grasp - This is the neat "pinch" achieved between the thumb and index finger.  Read more about this HERE.
  • Thumb opposition - This refers to the ability of the thumb to rotate and reach to touch all other fingertips of the same hand. 
  • Palmar arches - This refers to the arch formed when we "cup" our hands and is related to the loops of blood vessels which are found in our hands. 
  • Separation of the two sides of the hand - This the use of the thumb, index and third fingers of the hand whilst maintaining stability in the fourth and fifth fingers of the hand. Read more about this HERE.
  • Wrist stability and extension - This is the position of the wrist so that it is resting on the table and slightly extended so that the fingers can be used to control the pencil. This is one of the reasons as occupational therapists, we love to encourage working on a vertical surface or use of a slope board if necessary.
  • Hand strength - This refers to the contraction of the hand muscles to grasp a pencil to control it without fatigue or pain.  Read more about hand strength HERE.
  • In-hand manipulation - This refers to the ability to move items around in the hand using precise finger movements and includes translation, rotation and shift.


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Using a marble:
  • ​​Cup your hand over a table, rest your wrist and keep a ball from escaping.
  • Play finger soccer (read more HERE).
  • Place a line of washi tape on the table and trace the line with a marble.
  • Place a line of washi tape on the table, Place down small obstacles and weave the marble around the obstacles.
  • Use a marble to outline LETTER Roads (read more HERE).
  • Hold the marble with the thumb, index and third fingers. Extend and flex the fingers pretending a duck is eating a lemon. 
  • Place the marble in the palm of your hand and your whole hand facing the ceiling. Touch the marble with each finger. 
  • Place the marble in the palm of your hand and your whole hand facing the ceiling.  Move the marble with the thumb along each finger.
  • Cup a handful of marbles between both hands and  shake without letting any fall out.
  • Use a handful of marbles and place them one at a time into a muffin tin. Pick them up one at a time without dropping any in the palm of your hand.  Encouragement movement of the marble from the palm to the thumb/index finger and vice versa. ​

The best way to see these suggestions is via the You-tube video
​---> https://youtu.be/be5jLMvXzYk


These suggestions can easily be incorporated in OT sessions face to face and via Telehealth.  They are an easy way to incorporate finger warm ups prior to writing.  You could even try using an eraser (perfect for the classroom - when you return).

I also love marble runs and marble mazes!  Let me know other fun ways you use marbles to help with the development of fine motor skills.

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Cindy is a registered occupational therapist practising in Sydney, Australia.  She has two growing children who are a constant source of inspiration and learning.  Cindy loves working creatively to help children to reach their potential, finding opportunities in everyday living and making learning fun. She is also addicted to making printables (even when they take a long time to complete).  Cindy is the author of the Occupational Therapy website and blog  Your Kids OT and Sensory Diet Activity Guidebook (ebook).  

Cindy is a member of the Functional Skills for Kids Therapy Team.  They have together published THE HANDWRITING BOOK, THE SCISSORS SKILLS BOOK and THE TOILETING BOOK.

​The information on this site is general in nature. The activities are safe for most children, however, you should consult an Occupational Therapist or health professional to address specific movement, sensory or other medical conditions. Affiliate links are used throughout this website to promote products I love and recommend. I receive a commission if any purchases are made through these links. Please see my disclosure policy for more details.

Your Kids OT blog - https://www.yourkidsot.com/blog
Your Kids OT shop- https://www.yourkidsot.com/store/c1/Featured_Products.html
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    Hi, I'm Cindy and I am an Occupational Therapist. I enjoy working creatively with children to see them reach their potential. Read more about me here.

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Disclaimer: The information on this site is general in nature and should be used for educational  and entertainment purposes. The activities are safe for most children, however, you should consult an Occupational Therapist or health professional to address specific movement, sensory or other medical conditions.  This blog does not replace formal therapeutic professional advice given by a health professional or medical practitioner.  Reviews and endorsements of products will only be made based on my expertise and personal opinion; and deemed worthy of such endorsement. The opinions shared in sponsored content will always be my own and not that of the advertising company or brand. Content, advertising space or posts will be clearly identified if paid, affiliated or sponsored.  Affiliate links may  be found throughout this website in advertising. This means that if you follow through with a purchase from these links, Your Kids OT will receive a percentage of the sale. Your Kids OT undertakes to meet the requirements of the "Social Media Policy" as published by Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA).  Further information about this policy can be found here.

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